Dangerous chemicals transport knowledge: dangerous goods classification

Chemical Hazard Classification:

(1) Explosives

Such items are easy to burn and explosive performance. When subjected to high heat, vibration, friction, impact and other external effects or contact with acid and alkali and other objects, a violent chemical reaction, resulting in a large amount of gas and heat, while the rapid expansion of gas caused by the explosion. According to its nature, divided into four:

① ignition equipment, including different fire cable, ignition rope, etc .;

② detonating equipment, including cables, detonators, etc .;

③ explosives and explosive drugs including trinitrotoluene (TNT), nitroglycerin mixed explosives, black powder, ammonium nitrate explosives, sodium azide and so on;

④ other explosives, including shotgun cartridges, fireworks and firecrackers (firecrackers) and so on. Tetracycline anti-corrosion equipment

(2) oxidant

Such items have a strong oxidizing properties, specific varieties may also conflict with each other. In addition to some organic oxidants, although they themselves do not burn, but under certain conditions, subject to friction, shock, heat or acid-base substances, in the damp, exposure to combustibles, organic matter, reducing agents and the nature of conflict When the items are mixed, they break down and burn and explode. The nature of the amine oxidizer will be divided into four:

① primary inorganic oxidants include chlorates and perchlorates of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals (such as potassium chlorate, sodium chlorate, potassium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate, etc.), peroxides (such as potassium peroxide, sodium peroxide Etc.), and nitrates (such as potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, etc.) of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals;

② a organic oxidant, including hydrogen peroxide and nitric acid organic derivatives (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, guanidine nitrate, etc.);

③ two inorganic oxidants including dichromate, nitrite (such as ammonium bichromate, potassium dichromate, sodium dichromate, potassium nitrite, sodium nitrite, etc.);

④ two organic oxidants, including peracetic acid, soil catharanthus oil.

For the sake of safety in storage, on the basis of the above two items of four items, it is further divided into seven items:

A hydrogen peroxide of inorganic derivatives (such as potassium peroxide, sodium peroxide, etc.);

Besylate, bromate, iodate and periodate, perchlorate and the like;

C nitrate (ammonium nitrate single deposit);

Ding permanganate and dichromate;

Pentylnitrite;

Persulfate and perborate;

Organic derivatives of heptane hydroperoxide and organic derivatives of nitric acid.

(3) self-ignition items

Such objects in the air at an appropriate temperature, although not exposed to open flame, rely on their own decomposition, oxidation and fever, reaching the point of burning goods, that can cause burning. According to its nature is divided into two:

① a spontaneous combustion of goods in the air decomposition or severe oxidation, auto ignition point that can quickly burn items (such as phosphorus, nitrocellulose film, etc.);

② secondary spontaneous combustion of goods in the air slowly oxidized, accumulated heat is not scattered, reaching the spontaneous combustion of goods caused the spontaneous combustion items (such as linoleum and its products, paper and paper products, oil silk and its products, vegetable oil impregnated cotton, linen, Hair, hair, silk and wild fiber, etc.).

(4) compressed gas and liquefied gas

The gas is compressed into compressed gas or liquefied gas and stored in a pressure vessel, which has the property of being heated and expanded irrespective of its own nature. If the internal pressure is greater than the pressure resistance limit of the vessel, or the impact causes the vessel Damage, that can cause the danger of explosion and combustion. Some are also poisonous, according to their nature, divided into four:

① highly toxic gases including hydrogen cyanide, liquid chlorine, liquid ammonia, etc .;

② flammable gases including acetylene gas, ethane, hydrogen, etc .;

③ combustion gas, including oxygen, etc .;

④ non-combustible gases, including neon, argon, helium, nitrogen and so on.